This class includes the opportunity for students to use the personal response system prs. It should be noted however, that all introductory texts on physics c urrently in. We normally assume that a thing is located in the direction where the light comes from. The best physics o level notes compiled from all around the world at one place for your ease so you can prepare for your tests and examinations with the satisfaction that you have the best resources available to you. The tra c light turns green, and the driver of a high performance car slams the accelerator to the oor. An interesting consequence of this is that a light ray will change direction when passing from one medium to another. Apr 08, 2015 the best physics as and a level notes, revision guides, tips and websites compiled from all around the world at one place for your ease so you can prepare for your tests and examinations with the satisfaction that you have the best resources available to you. Mar 05, 2019 revision notes in exam days is one of the best tips recommended by teachers during exam days. Pdf light and optics conceptual evaluation findings from first year. They are not meant to be a replacement for your own notes that you take in class, nor are they a replacement for your textbook. Pdf in this paper, theoretical uncertainties fuelled by adhoc fixes of. Physical optics lecture notes pdf 44p this note covers the following topics. The phrase quantum jump or quantum leap is now in common usage, and incorrectly too. When light propagates in a transparent material medium, its speed is in general less than the speed in vacuum c.
First, note that since the glory appears at the edge of. This is the jones vector for fully polarized light. The radius of the sphere of which the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror forms a part, is. A ray is equivalent to a very narrow beam of light, and it indicates the path along which the energy of the wave travels. Luminous objects are objects which emit light of their own. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left.
With the help of notes, candidates can plan their strategy for particular weaker section of the subject and study hard. Then, well learn about forces, momentum, energy, and other concepts in lots of different physical situations. The concise selina solutions are one of the best study materials available during the revision and lastminute preparation for the class 8 exams. Questions are posed to the class to stimulate discussion and indicate how concepts are going over. Icse class 8 physics selina solutions help the students in effective preparation for the exam. It should be noted that both groups of students performed worse in questions related. There is much more to vectors than this textbook meaning, and the sooner you \become friends.
The successes of quantum mechanics have been extraordinary. The same method will work here, but we just need to keep in mind that we will need to convert seconds to minutes twice because we have s2. The light ray may be objects self light or reflected light. A line drawn in the direction of propagation of light is called a ray of light. The incident ray, refracted ray and normal all lie in the same plane. Physics notes for class 11 free pdf download ncert books.
We know that lastminute revision and stuffing is never so easy during examinations. The tilde symbol over the electric field indicates that this is a jones vector description. Light reflection and refraction notes for class 10. Pdf the light and optics conceptual evaluation loce was developed to. The electromagnetic spectrum introductionvisible light 1 instructors guide to lab no. The best physics o level notes o and a level notes. Engineering physics phy1 common for all branches unit. But the band width of ordinary light source is 10 a 0. Electromagnetic waves are ultimately produced by an accelerating charge. Brown physics textbooks introductory physics i and ii a lecture note style textbook series intended to support the teaching of introductory physics, with calculus, at a level suitable for duke undergraduates. Thanks for these notes but can you plz make all into a single zip pdf it might do a great help for all jee aspirants. For the forward light ray, the elapsed time from splitter to mirror to splitter is 1.
That is why it is recommended to start preparation much before the date of exam commencement. We note that light travels from the object to the mirror mpn. For our purposes, in understanding how optical instruments work, the wave theory of light is entirely adequate. Jul 17, 2012 light is characterized by several very interesting properties, the observation of which has led to the development of the most prominent theories in contemporary physics the theory of relativity and quantum mechanics.
These notes are meant to be a summary of important points covered in the physics class at mt. The key properties of polarized light are really seen when you use two or three polarizers together. Light reflection and refraction notes for class 10 formulas download pdf. Download pdf version of all available notes here gce o. Lecture notes quantum physics i physics mit opencourseware. Plancks constant, interference, fermats principle of least time, debroglie wavelength. The band width of convectional monochromatic light source is a 0. So, go ahead and check the important notes for class 12 physics ray optics. It is seen that the richness of quantum physics will greatly a ect the future generation technologies in many aspects. Icse class 8 physics study materials solutions, notes. It is capable of describing any linearly or circularly or elliptically polarized light beam. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and the incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the mirror. Physics is the scientific study of matter and energy and how they interact with each other. Describe the motion in terms of positions, directions, displacement and distance travelled.
More than \magnitude and direction when asked, most students will say that a vector is a \quantity with a magnitude and direction. Download pdf version of all available notes here gce o level singaporecambridge notes. Cbse class 12 physics revision notes chapter 9 ray optics and optical instruments. Archimedes and other ancient greek thinkers made original contributions but we mention here heron of alexandria c. Betterlessons unique formula allows us to bring you highquality coaching, a professional learning lab, and a learnbydoing process that embeds pd into the classroom. Apr 08, 2018 the best physics o level notes compiled from all around the world at one place for your ease so you can prepare for your tests and examinations with the satisfaction that you have the best resources available to you. Newton theorized that as a light particle traveled through a uniform medium it traveled in a straight line. Since the light ray appears to be broken, the phenomenon is known as refraction. Free pure physics, chemistry, geography and social studies revision notes. The lecture notes were prepared in latex by james silva, an mit student, based upon handwritten notes.
The waves period t and its frequency f are given by the relations. The laser light is more monochromatic than that of a convectional light source. This is a work in progress and will be changing and expanding over time. It should be noted however, that all introductory texts on physics currently in. Cambridge international as and a level physics builds on the. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection, and the incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal to the mirror at the point of incidence all lie in the same plane. Astr111 lecture 6 light year a lightyear is the distance light travels in one year 1 lightyear 9. A ray of light is the straight line along which the light traveled and a bundle of light rays is called a beam of light. Sound is a longitudinal wave produced by a vibrating source that causes regular variations in air pressure p in diagram above. Physics is the study of the basic principles that govern the physical world around us. As it approached a new, denser, medium it would be attracted to the larger amount of particles and would turn towards that medium.
Refraction part 2 critical angle and total internal reflection. Pdf space, and the propagation of light researchgate. Light, reflection, and color characteristics of light light is an electromagnetic wave. Ray optics and optical class 12 notes physics mycbseguide. Physical optics lecture notes pdf 44p download book.
Note that four major figures in all these optical developments were galileo, descartes, newton, and huyghens biographical notes on all these scientists appear. The ratio sin isin r is a constant snells law refractive index n n sin isin r n cv. Dec 24, 2019 candidates who are pursuing in class 12 are advised to revise the notes from this post. To note therefore, the metric of light as distance per time, as velocity. Somehow light must also carry information about the location and shape of the objects that we see.
Overview, scale of quantum mechanics, boundary between classical and quantum phenomena 2. Light is a form of energy, which induces the sensation of vision in our eyes and makes us able to see various things present in our surrounding. Cbse notes class 12 physics ray optics aglasem schools. Some of the so called white light from the sun bounces off grass to become green light. A group of rays of light emitted by a source of light is called a beam of light. During examinations, students are left with much less time to go through all the chapters and revise them. Note carefully that the incident ray, reflected ray, and normal always lie in the same plane. In the process the character of the light may be changed. This may be duet to the stimulated characteristic of laser light. Light is reflected at different angles and no clear image is seen. The ground level is chosen as the origin and positions above the ground are considered as positive.
The visible electromagnetic spectrum goal the goal is to introduce the visible electromagnetic spectrum to students through use of materials readily available to most high school science classes. Tips and notes for english, general paper, and composition writing are also provided. Providing study notes, tips, and practice questions for students preparing for their o level or upper secondary examinations. You can find notes and exam questions for additional math, elementary math, physics, biology and chemistry. As shown below, an electromagnetic wave is a transverse wave consisting of mutually perpendicular oscillating electric and magnetic fields. When light is incident on a surface, it is sent back by the surface in the same medium through which it had come.
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