You are to determine whether the rubber band you are given obeys hookes law. Will it be a linear, quadratic, or cubic relationship. That relationship was formalized by robert hooke in 1678 hookes law. Commonly, a hookes law experiment is conducted by adding increasing masses to a spring and recording the cumulative stretch elongation of the spring. The results obtained from the experiment confirm that hookes law is true. Hookes law experiment report done by yovaphine wijaya 11 science 1 aim to investigate hooke s law for simple strings or rubber. Investigate what happens when two springs are connected in series and parallel.
Transport the lab to different planets, or slow down time. Add additional 50 gram masses to the mass holder and record the position of. I am aware of the requirements of good academic practice and the potential penalties for any breaches. Commonly, a hooke s law experiment is conducted by adding increasing masses to a spring and recording the cumulative stretch elongation of the spring. If youre seeing this message, it means were having trouble loading external resources on our website.
Hookes law applies essentially to onedimensional deformations, but it can be extended to more general threedimensional deformations by the. Introduction i was asked to carry out an experiment to prove hooke s law by means of investigating the behaviour of elasticity of three different materials. How accurately hooke s law describe the behavior of real springs. To investigate newtons laws and the operation of a. As such, a linear relationship between the force applied x and their displacement y is shown in the graph fig 4. Hookes law is a law of physics that states that the force f needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance x scales linearly with respect to that distancethat is, where k is a constant factor characteristic of the spring i. Students will invesfigate hookes law and determine the spring constant for two springs and a rubber band. To verify that this behavior is accurately described by hooks law. If hooke s law is correct, then, the graph of force versus stretch will be a. Here k is the spring constant which is a quality of each spring. Scholars solve 24 various types of problems that include defining hooke s law, conducting an experiment, and exploring rate of change. Objectives the main objective of this experiment is to show hooke s law of spring, calculate the total energy absorbing in the spring. This experiment is aimed to investigate the relationship between the mass that is being slotted at the end of spring and the time taken for the spring to. Example excel spreadsheet for hookes law experiment.
Set up the apparatus as in the diagram add a 10 g mass to the. The slope of this line corresponds to the spring constant k. Experiment p4 investigation of elasticity objectives. Materials 1 and 2, whose displacement is shown in the results as y1 and y2, respectively, are in their elastic region. Physics lab report 2 hookes law and simple harmonic motion. The relationship of this can be best explained through the equation. To investigate hookes law the relation between force and stretch for a spring. Objective the objective of this lab is to show that the response of a spring when an external agent changes its equilibrium length by x can be described by hookes law, f. The forces supplied by the masses are due to their weight which can be found by. Hookes law experiment report done by yovaphine wijaya 11 science 1 aim to investigate hookes law for simple strings or rubber. With quality products and content, hooke brings together a tight fly fishing community, experiencing epic journeys and giving a voice to those met along the way. In fact, the use of springs to demonstrate the hooke s law is an integral part of every elementary physics lab. How to calculate a spring constant using hookes law. Discuss relative merits of several methods of measuring force.
Abstract hooke s law says that the opposing force of a spring is directly proportional to the amount by which the spring is stretched. He was the first man to state in general that all matter expands when heated and that air is made up of particles separated from each other by relatively large distances. The values in the first column represent the force applied on the body in newtons n. Hang masses from springs and adjust the spring constant and damping. An ideal spring is remarkable in the sense that it is a system where the generated force is linearly dependent on how far it is stretched, this behavior is described by hooke s law. If a weight, w mg, is hung from one end of an ordinary spring, causing it to stretch a distance x, then an equal and opposite force, f, is. Hooke s law quick reference the physical principle that the stress within a solid is proportional to the strain, so that the movement of an object is proportional to the pressure that is applied to it. The control variables are what we keep the same during the experiment to make sure its a fair test. In the elastic limit, the magnitude of the elastic force of the spring is proportional to the deformation of the spring. The figure shows the stable condition of the spring when no load is applied, the condition of the spring when elongated to an amount x under the load of 1 n, the condition of the spring elongated to. They create a scatter plot to show the data for the number and the distance. Set up the experiment and test whether the graph gives the correct prediction. Hookes law states that, for certain elastic materials, force is proportional to extension, when a sample is stretched. In the third part of the experiment we will determine acceleration due to gravity by using a simple pendulum.
According to hooke s law stated above that to extend a spring by an amount dx from its previous position, one needs a force f which is determined by f kdx. The atomic force microscope acquires any information about a surface because of the cantilever beam mechanical deflections which are detected by an optical system. The spring i hooke s law and oscillations objectives. It should help you understand how to work scientifically. The primary purpose of the lab is to study hookes law and simple harmonic motion by studying the behavior of a mass on a spring. Hooke s law introduction force of a spring robert hooke 16351703 was an english scientist whose research and experiments ranged from astronomy to. With hookes law apparatus for physical science and physics, students can measure and prove that the stretch of a spring is proportional to its load. This means that the extension of the sample increases linearly with the amount of force applied. This elastic behavior of springs can be explained through hooke s law and formula 1. The dotted line shows what the actual experimental plot of force might look like. In other words the extension of a material beyond its equilibrium length is directly proportional to the force acting on it. A formal lab report should include a title page like this one, with all of the appropriate information a descriptive title, your name, the course title, the date, and an abstract.
Use your graph to predict how much the spring should compress for a holder with 15 washers. To verify that this behavior is accurately described by hooke s law. Model to demonstrate hooke s law and illustrate that physiological phenomena, such as lengthtension relationships of the heart starling. Hookes law introduction force of a spring robert hooke 16351703 was an english scientist whose research and experiments ranged from astronomy to biology to physics. Here f is the restoring force or the force exerted by the spring on the external agent and k is a.
The experiment dictated that each material would be stretched by applying a force. Observe the forces and energy in the system in realtime, and measure the period using the stopwatch. Additional instructions are included below to guide you through the experiment, and you can add your own steps. Background elasticity is a physical property of material objects that determines how easily an object may. If youre behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains. It expresses, in terms of macroscopic quantities, something about the nature or constitution of the material. The law is named after 17thcentury british physicist robert. Experiment p4 investigation of elasticity objectives 1. In the following experiment ten undergraduates produced estimates of imagined elongation of springs with different combinations of values of l. Pdf in this note we propose an alternative approach to the experimental study of hookes law that takes into account the variation of the elastic. To measure the spring constant of a spring using two different methods. The red line in this graph illustrates how force, f, varies with position according to hookes law. Ee is known as hookes law and is an example of a constitutive law. Record the position with the 50 gram mass holder in the spreadsheet.
Investigation carried out by monika surynt at the university of southampton ms27g14. The results of this experiment were not reflective of hookes law because the bungee cord was found to act differently than an ideal spring. To investigate the elasticity of various materials by examining to what extent they obey hooke s law. Our present interest is in whether or not the data will fit on a linear trend line. Physics lab report 2 hookes law and simple harmonic.
Hookes law experiment results and analysis dan best. The figure shows the stable condition of the spring when no load is applied, the condition of the spring when elongated to an amount x under the load of 1 n, the condition of the spring elongated to 2x under the influence of load 2 n. In this manner, the cord stretches more with larger displacements and masses. What physics quantity does the slope of this graph represent. Spring potential energy example mistake in math lol diagrams. Hooke s law is a law of physics that states that the force f needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance x scales linearly with respect to that distancethat is, where k is a constant factor characteristic of the spring i. This experiment is aimed to investigate the relationship between the mass that is being slotted at the end of spring and the time taken for the spring to make a 20 complete oscillations. Hookes law is valid as long as the elastic material youre dealing with stays elastic that is, it stays within its elastic limit.
Therefore, in order to verify hooke s law, you must verify that the force f and the distance at which the spring is. Nov 14, 2014 table 1 represents the data collected when the hookes law experiment was performed on three different types of elastic bodies. Hooke s law relates the extension of a material to the load it is under. Investigating hookes law forces ks3 physics revision.
A definition of hookes law is applied and investigated, looking at typical questions asked about the commonly assessed practical. To verify hooke s law hooke s law states that the extent to which an elastic material will change size and shape under stress is directly proportional to the amount of stress applied to it theory. In order to compensate for these differences in spring constant, the range of masses was limited to include 0. If a weight, w mg, is hung from one end of an ordinary spring, causing it to stretch a distance x, then an equal and opposite force, f, is created in the spring which opposes the pull of the weight. Hookes law helps explain the first parts of this experiment. Hookes law experiment hookes law experiment and analysis. Hookes law will be verified for a spring and the force constant will be calculated by measuring the amount the spring is stretched when various masses are hung on it. Measurement of a spring constant prediction make a sketch of the graph that will show how the displacement of the spring changes as the elastic force increases. Hookes law experiment consider a spring with load application as shown in the figure. Robert hooke, english physicist who discovered the law of elasticity, known as hooke s law, and who did research in a remarkable variety of fields. Materials that obey hookes law are called hookean materials.
Procedure in this lab, you will observe a mass on a spring and, from this, determine the value of k for that spring. This is an example of a common experiment used to investigate hookes law. Cambridge international examinations cambridge international general certificate of secondary education 8951814332. Equilibrium of forces and hookes law investigation 5. The spring i hookes law and oscillations objectives. Hookes law states that if a force f, is applied to the opposite end of a material holded on, parallel to the length, then in general the material is either compressed or stretched by distance x. After completing the experiment, prepare a full report on the experiment and its results. As long as a spring stays within its elastic limit, you can say that f kx. Write a multiplechoice question that requires the reader to understand the difference between the free length of a spring, its stretched length, and its deflection x as used in hooke s law. Write a multiplechoice question that requires the reader to understand the difference between the free length of a spring, its stretched length, and its deflection x as used in hookes law.
However, this method will add an additional step to the experiment. Is hooke s law an exact law of physics or an approximation. Stretch and compress springs to explore the relationships between force, spring constant, displacement, and potential energy. Objectives the main objective of this experiment is to show hookes law of spring, calculate the total energy absorbing in the spring. Is hookes law an exact law of physics or an approximation. Because the force is proportional to displacement of the spring from its equilibrium position, a mass attached to the spring will undergo simple harmonic motion. In symbols, f kx, where f is the force, x is the stretch, and k is a constant of proportionality. This experiment will use a spring scale in place of calibrated weights to increase the force on a spring.
Nov 20, 2017 i am aware of the requirements of good academic practice and the potential penalties for any breaches. Hooke s law says that the stretch of a spring is directly proportional to the applied force. Under the terms of the licence agreement, an individual user may print out a pdf. Within the experiment, in the first two parts we will determine the spring constant of a spring using two different methods. After completing the experiment, prepare a full report on the experiment. Relate your experiment to a future class discussion of hookes law. Apply your understanding of hooke s law to noncanonical situations interpret a graph that does not represent a simple mathematical function explain the limits of the validity of hooke s law materialsprocedure. How close did your prediction come to the actual compression of the spring. The case raises questions about the nature of discovery, credit and priority, and the contributions of. Procedure in this lab, you will observe a mass on a spring and. Hypothesis the change in length of spring is directly proportional to the applied so that it will cause greater change in length of the spring for greater force.
Equipment tripod base barrel base support rod, square, lmm right angle clamp cursor, 1 pair weight holder f. If you pull a spring too far, it loses its stretchy ability. Intro to springs and hookes law video khan academy. You are to determine whether the rubber band you are given obeys hooke s law. Within the elastic region of the stressstrain diagram, stress is linearly proportional to strain.
However, and despite the fact that many papers have been written on this topic, and. The results of this experiment were not reflective of hooke s law because the bungee cord was found to act differently than an ideal spring. Jul 30, 2018 follow up lesson after completing practical lesson investigating forceextension. Civl 3322 mech 3322 hookes law university of memphis. The cognitive law expressed by equation 4 is formally identical to hooke s law of elasticity. Mar 18, 2018 hookes law is demonstrated and graphed. Hooke has become a leader in fly fishing videos and clothing since 2012. Mathematically, hooke s law states that the applied force f n or kgms 2 equals a constant k nm or kgs 2 times the displacement or change in length x meters, or f kx. Hookes law utk department of physics and astronomy. Hypothesis the change in length of spring is directly proportional to the applied so that it will cause greater change in. When a force is applied to an elastic object, the object will be stretched.
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